Oil-engine.



J. W. GROSS. OIL ENGINE. APPLICATION IILIaIJ MAY 17, 1910.

Patented NOV. 19, 1912'.

INVENTOR.

I MW Hls A oRNEy 1N FAC-r UNITED sTATns PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES WILLIAM CROSS, 0F LONDON, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR TO THE WESTINGHOUSERAKE COMPANY, LIMITED, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

OILENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

ratentedN0v.19,1912.

Application tiled May 17, 1910. Serial No. 561,795.

To all whom it may concern:

Be 'it known that I, .JAMES IVILLiA-M Cnoss, a subject of the King fGreat Britain, and resident of London, England, have'niade a new anduseful Improvement in Oil-Engines, of which the following is aspecification.

This invention relates to oil engines of the kind in which a hotcombustion chamber is providedat the end 4of the cylinder and in whichaii` only is drawn into the cylinder and compressed, whereupon liquidfuel is introduced into 'the combustion chaiiber where it vaporizes andis ignited. In engines of this class as heretofore constructed, the airis either 'drawn into the cylinder through the combustion chamber orbetween the combustion chamber and the piston in which case it does n otpass through the coinbustion chamber. In the first case mentioned it isfound that the combustion 'chamber may be cooled to such an extent bythe rush of cold air through it as to interfere with the propervaporization and ignition of the fuel. In the second case the productsof combustion are liable to remain in thev combustion chamber after theexhaust stroke, and as they areA notl swept out of -the combustionchamber by the. fresh air which is drawn into the cylinder, theyaccumulate and cause theA combustion which takes place in thecombust-ionec'hamber to be imperfect. As a result of this tlie cylinder'is rendered -foul and very often a .smoky exhaust occurs. 4

According to -the. present invention, the above defects are obviat-ed byarranging that a portion of the air drawn into the cylinder shall bepassed through the combustion chamber, the remaining portion being drawnin between the piston and combustion chamber. y

In order that the invention may be .clearly understood the same will nowbe described with reference to the single figure of t-lie accom anyingdrawing which is a view in side e evation parNy sectional showing theupper portion of the cylinder of an engine with the valve andvalvemeclianism arranged in accordance with the invention.

The combustion chamber 1 of the engine is an extension of the mainportin 2 of the cylinder and is in free communication therewith by meansof a passage 3. The valve mechanism of the engine comprises an airranged within the tube or by other means.,

Under running conditions the repeated explosions within the lcombustionchamber will maintain this device at a suiiicientlir hightemperat-ure toeffect t-he ignitionA of.

the gas mixture so that the ignition device 9 will only be required tooperate at startiiig. The air valve4 is normally held in it-s closedposition by means of a spring 10 interposed between webs 11 attached tothe wall of the casing 12 surrounding said valve and a collar 1Battached to the stem 14' of the valve. The valve 5 is similarly equippedand is normally held closed under the action of a spring 15 interposedbetween webs 16 attached to the casing 17 in`which the valve isV locatedand a collar 18 -attached to the stem of .the said valve. The valves 4and 5 are operated byiirneans of a cam actuated shaft 19 which is"vconnected to one end of a lever. 20 pivotally mounted at 21, upon abracket 22 attached to the casing 17. The

shaft 19 is also connected to one end of a lever 23 pivotally mounted at.24 upon a bracket 25 attached to the casinglZ- surrounding the airAinlet valve 4. The exhaust valve 6V is normally held in its closedposition by means of a spring 26 and is oper-k ated in a well knownmanner preferably by means of a cani attached to the saineshaft whicheffects the operation of the shaft 19. Air inlet ports 27 and 28 are'rovided for the airvalve '1 and the air va ve 5 respec- .tively leadingto the interior of the casing in which the valves are located.' Theadmission of air to the interior of the casing .17

is controlled by a regulating device 29 which is opened or closed bymeans of .t lever 30. The lever 30 may be arranged to be manuallyoperated or may be under the control of the governor in such a manncrmasto'antomatically vary the amount of air admitted to theintcrior ofthe'casing 17 in accordance with the speed ofthe engine. 1 If liodesired, an additional air regulating valve may be provided in thepassage leading to the interior of the casing l2 but under normalconditions adequate variation in the amount of air supplied to theengine will be obtained hy varying the amount of a-ir pass- Correctionin Letters Patent No. 1,044,755.

ing through the combustion chamber.'

Bearing' upon the stems of the valves 4 and 5 and projecting through thecasing are two cylindrical members 31 and 32, the n'un'einellt'of thelevers 2B and 2() being transmitted to the valves through these membershy means of adjust-able screws 33 and 3st arranged in the ends of thelevers 23 and 2O respectively which may be adjusted by hand t0 vary thethrow of the said valves. The cylinderof the engine is provided with theusual water jacket 35 and passages 3G located adjacent to those portionsof, the engine which are liable to become over-heated.

It will be understood that the air inlet valves el. and '5 are operatedsimultaneously and as before explained, variation in the amount. et' airadmitted to thev cylinder may he oliiaiiicd hy vvarying the amount ofair passing through the combustion chamber of the engine. It will beapparent that since air is admitted into the cylinder through the.combustion Chamherby meansof the valve' 5 as well as through'the valveIt, the comhustion chamber Wil] be swept out on each ,suction strokeowing to the rush of air through it, butthe combustion chamber will notIhe cooled to such an admitted to the cylinder in this manner. `Anyproducts of combustion which may remain in the combustion chamber after`the scavenging stroke I extent as Would be l 4the case 1f all the airwere will be caused to follow the downward movement of the piston sothat air only will `be present-lin the combustion chamberand completecombustion of the fuel therein Will he insured.

It Will be understood that the invention is 'not limit-ed to theconstruction of the valves herein described and illustrated, nor to 'anyparticular t'ype of mechanism for eiecting the operation of these valvesand the invention can be applied to oil engines Working on a two-stroke,four-stroke or other cycle, and having any desired number ofcylinvention. f

I claim as my invention: A y

1. In an oil engine the combination of a inlet valve for supplying airto the comhus-1 tion chamber, an air inlet valve for supplying airdirectly into the cylinder and positive means for simultaneouslyeiecting the operation of the said valves.

2. In an oil engine the combination of a cylinder, a hot combustionchamber, a positively operated air inlet valve for. supplying air tosaidchamber, a positively operated air inlet valve for supplying airdirectly into the cylinder between the piston and the eombustionchamherand means for regulating the amount of air supplied to the combustionchamber.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto i subscribed my name thistwenty-eighth day oi. April 1910.

JAMES WILLIAM CROSS. Vitnesses A. A. BERGIN, Giras.' J. FALCONER.

Gopies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressingthe Clommissioner of Patents,

' Washingto'ml). C.

improvementin Oil-Engines,

the same may conform' to the [SEAL] 1912, upon the application of JamesWilliam Cross,

requiring correction as follows: .Page l, line 49, for the word Itis'herehy certified that in Letters Patent No.l 1,(i44,755, granted Novernher 19,

hf London, 'Eng-land, for an au error appears in the' printedspecification valvel read valves;

Signed and sealed this 10th day 'of December, A. D., 19.12. I A

o. e. BiLLINGs,

.Actin-g ommssoner of Poniente.

ders, Without exceeding the scope' of the in-i cylinder, a hotcombustion chamber, an air desired, an additional air regulating valvemay be provided in the passage leading to the interior of the casing l2but under normal conditions adequate variation in the amount of airsupplied to the engine will be obtained hy varying the amount of a-irpass- Correction in Letters Patent No. 1,044,755.

ing through the combustion chamber.'

Bearing' upon the stems of the valves 4 and 5 and projecting through thecasing are two cylindrical members 31 and 32, the n'un'einellt'of thelevers 2B and 2() being transmitted to the valves through these membershy means of adjust-able screws 33 and 3st arranged in the ends of thelevers 23 and 2O respectively which may be adjusted by hand t0 vary thethrow of the said valves. The cylinderof the engine is provided with theusual water jacket 35 and passages 3G located adjacent to those portionsof, the engine which are liable to become over-heated.

It will be understood that the air inlet valves el. and '5 are operatedsimultaneously and as before explained, variation in the amount. et' airadmitted to thev cylinder may he oliiaiiicd hy vvarying the amount ofair passing through the combustion chamber of the engine. It will beapparent that since air is admitted into the cylinder through the.combustion Chamherby meansof the valve' 5 as well as through'the valveIt, the comhustion chamber Wil] be swept out on each ,suction strokeowing to the rush of air through it, butthe combustion chamber will notIhe cooled to such an admitted to the cylinder in this manner. `Anyproducts of combustion which may remain in the combustion chamber after`the scavenging stroke I extent as Would be l 4the case 1f all the airwere will be caused to follow the downward movement of the piston sothat air only will `be present-lin the combustion chamberand completecombustion of the fuel therein Will he insured.

It Will be understood that the invention is 'not limit-ed to theconstruction of the valves herein described and illustrated, nor to 'anyparticular t'ype of mechanism for eiecting the operation of these valvesand the invention can be applied to oil engines Working on a two-stroke,four-stroke or other cycle, and having any desired number ofcylinvention. f

I claim as my invention: A y

1. In an oil engine the combination of a inlet valve for supplying airto the comhus-1 tion chamber, an air inlet valve for supplying airdirectly into the cylinder and positive means for simultaneouslyeiecting the operation of the said valves.

2. In an oil engine the combination of a cylinder, a hot combustionchamber, a positively operated air inlet valve for. supplying air tosaidchamber, a positively operated air inlet valve for supplying airdirectly into the cylinder between the piston and the eombustionchamherand means for regulating the amount of air supplied to the combustionchamber.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto i subscribed my name thistwenty-eighth day oi. April 1910.

JAMES WILLIAM CROSS. Vitnesses A. A. BERGIN, Giras.' J. FALCONER.

Gopies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressingthe Clommissioner of Patents,

' Washingto'ml). C.

improvementin Oil-Engines,

the same may conform' to the [SEAL] 1912, upon the application of JamesWilliam Cross,

requiring correction as follows: .Page l, line 49, for the word Itis'herehy certified that in Letters Patent No.l 1,(i44,755, granted Novernher 19,

hf London, 'Eng-land, for an au error appears in the' printedspecification valvel read valves;

Signed and sealed this 10th day 'of December, A. D., 19.12. I A

o. e. BiLLINGs,

.Actin-g ommssoner of Poniente.

ders, Without exceeding the scope' of the in-i cylinder, a hotcombustion chamber, an air

